Papa Aluminum — Ana Mānoanoa, Hana Kiʻekiʻe

No ka ASTM B209, pili ka ʻokoʻa i ka mānoanoa. ʻO ka pepa alumini e pili ana i nā huahana palahalaha me ka mānoanoa ma waena o 0.2 mm a me 6.0 mm (0.008 "a 0.249"). Hoʻomaka ka pā alumini ma 6.0 mm (0.250") a ma luna aʻe, e piʻi ana i 200 mm a ʻoi aku paha. Hana ʻia ka pā ma o ka ʻōwili wela a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela, ʻoiai ʻo ka pepa e pili ana i ka ʻōwili anu. Ua koho ʻia ka pā no nā noi e koi ana i ka ʻoi aku o ka paʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana, ka hiki ke halihali i ka ukana, a me nā pono mechanical kikoʻī ma o ka ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa.

Hāʻawi mākou i ka pā alumini me nā palapala hōʻoia mai nā hui hoʻokaʻawale moana nui e like me DNV (Det Norske Veritas), BV (Bureau Veritas), ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), Lloyd's Register, a me CCS (China Classification Society). ʻO kā mākou papa 5083-H116 a me 5083-H321 nā papa moana i kauoha pinepine ʻia a hele mai me nā palapala hōʻoia hui piha. E hoʻāʻo hou ʻia nā pā moana āpau me ka intergranular corrosion resistance (ASTM G67) a me ka exfoliation corrosion (ASTM G66) e like me ke koi ʻia e nā lula papa.

ʻO ka Ultrasonic Test (UT) kahi hana hoʻāʻo ʻole e hoʻohana i nā hawewe kani kiʻekiʻe e ʻike i nā hemahema o loko e like me ka porosity, inclusions, a me nā laminations i loko o ka pā. Hana mākou i ka nānā ʻana iā UT no ka maʻamau ASTM B594. No nā māka aerospace a me ka moana (2024, 5083, 7050, 7075), ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻokolohua ultrasonic ma ke ʻano maʻamau ma nā kauoha āpau. No ka papa ʻenekinia maʻamau (6061), hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo UT ma ke noi ʻana me ke kumu kūʻai. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo UT me kēlā me kēia hoʻouna palapala i nā hopena nānā a me nā pae ʻae.

ʻO kā mākou laulā maʻamau e uhi i ka 6 mm a 200 mm ka mānoanoa. No kekahi mau alapili e like me 6061 a me 5083, hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka pā a hiki i 250 mm a i ʻole 300 mm ma ke kumu i hana ʻia me nā manawa alakaʻi lōʻihi (maʻamau 40-60 mau lā). Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia ka pā mānoanoa ma luna o 150 mm ma o ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka DC me ka ʻōwili wela ma hope aʻe a koi aku i nā nui kauoha liʻiliʻi (5-10 tons). Paipai mākou e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kā mākou hui ʻenekinia me kāu mau koi kikoʻī no ka nānā kūpono a me ka ʻōlelo.

ʻAe, ʻo ka ʻoki maʻamau ʻo ia kekahi o kā mākou mau lawelawe waiwai nui. Hāʻawi mākou i ka ʻoki ʻike kikoʻī no ka pā a hiki i ka 200 mm mānoanoa me ka hoʻomanawanui o +/-1.0 mm ma ka laulā a me ka lōʻihi. No ka pā mānoanoa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano paʻakikī, hāʻawi mākou i nā koho ʻoki ahi a me nā koho ʻoki wai. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻoki i ka pā i kāu nui kikoʻī mai ka waihona a i ʻole mai ka pā i hana hou ʻia. E hāʻawi wale i kāu papa inoa ʻoki me kāu noi ʻōlelo, a e hōʻoia kā mākou hui i ke kumu kūʻai a me nā manawa alakaʻi i loko o 24 mau hola.

ʻO kā mākou palena palena palena liʻiliʻi (MOQ) no ka pā alumini he 2 metric tons no ka alloy a me nā kikoʻī. No nā māka maʻamau e like me 6061-T651 a me 5083-H116 i nā mānoanoa maʻamau, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokomo i nā kauoha liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaka ana mai ka 1 ton. Pono nā māka aerospace kūikawā (2024, 7050, 7075) a me nā mānoanoa maʻamau ʻole he 3-5 tons ka liʻiliʻi ma muli o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana. No ka pā mānoanoa nui (ma luna o 150 mm), hiki i ka MOQ ke 5-10 tons. E hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou e kūkākūkā i kāu leo ​​-- hana mākou me nā pono lako e pili ana i ka papahana a me ka hoʻomau.

ʻO ka manawa alakaʻi e pili ana i ka alloy, ka mānoanoa, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waihona. Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā māka maʻamau (6061-T651, 5083-H116) i nā mānoanoa maʻamau (6-80 mm) i loko o 10-15 mau lā ʻoihana. Pono nā kauoha i hana maʻamau no nā māka aerospace a i ʻole nā ​​ana maʻamau maʻamau i 20-40 mau lā ʻoihana. ʻO ka pā mānoanoa nui (ma luna o 150 mm) pono paha he 40-60 mau lā. Hoʻohui ka manawa transit i nā lā 15-35 ma ke kai i ka hapa nui o nā awa honua. Hāʻawi mākou i ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻouna piha ʻana a hui pū me nā mea lawe ukana. Hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia nā kauoha Rush no nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Hāʻawi mākou i ka piha piha o ka wela wela no ka pā alumini. No 2xxx a me 7xxx aerospace alloys: T3/T351 (hoʻoponopono ʻia + anu hana + maoli ʻelemakule), T6/T651 (holoi i mālama ʻia + artificially aged), a me T7/T7451 (overaged no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi kūʻē i ka pohā). No 6xxx alloys: T4 (Hoʻoponopono ʻia + ʻelemakule maoli), T6/T651 (Hoʻoponopono i mālama ʻia + ʻelemakule hana ʻia + hoʻomaha ʻia ke koʻikoʻi ma ke kau ʻana). No 5xxx mau ala moana: O (annealed), H116 a me H321 (koi paakiki no ka lawelawe kai ma ka ASTM B928). Hōʻike ka suffix "51" i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi ma o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ʻana, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka palahalaha a me ke kūpaʻa o ka dimensional -- koʻikoʻi nui no nā noi a me ka mīkini.

E kūʻai i ka pā alumini i loko o kahi maloʻo a me ka makani maikaʻi ma kahi mamao mai ka makū, nā kemika, a me nā metala like ʻole. E kau i ka pā ma luna o ka palahalaha, nā kākoʻo pae (ka lāʻau dunnage a i ʻole nā ​​pahu kila) i mea e pale ai i ka warping. No nā huila 2xxx a me 7xxx, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻino, e hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana o ka wahi mālama i ke aniau inā hiki. Mai hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻāpana like ʻole i ka pilina pololei. E hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pā i loko o ka ʻeke kumu a hiki i ka mākaukau no ka hoʻohana ʻana. No ka mālama ʻana no ka wā lōʻihi (6+ mau mahina), e hoʻopili i kahi ʻili ʻili o ka ʻaila pale ma nā ʻaoʻao i ʻoki ʻia a nānā i kēlā me kēia hapaha makahiki no ka ʻili o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka ʻino o ka lihi.